You need to know: Factorial with convention that
, notation
for
.
Background: We say that a family S of q-elements subsets of an n-element set X is a (combinatorial) design with parameters if every r-element subset of X belongs to exactly
sets in S. We say that positive integers
satisfy the divisibility conditions if
and
divides
for every
.
The Theorem: On 15th January 2015, Peter Keevash submitted to arxiv a paper in which he proved that for any fixed positive integers q, r, and , there exist
such that if
and
satisfy the divisibility conditions then a design with parameters
exists.
Short context: The statement of the Theorem was known as the existence conjecture for combinatorial designs and was the central open question in design theory. In 1975, Wilson proved this conjecture for , which already was recognised as a major achievement. The Theorem proves the conjecture in general. The result is new even for
, in which case combinatorial design is called Steiner system. Steiner systems are studied since work of Plücker (1835), Kirkman (1846) and Steiner (1853), but, before the Theorem was proved, there was not even known if any single Steiner system with
exists. See here for a related resent result.
Links: Free arxiv version of the original paper is here.
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